Bateriga korontada waxaa loo yaqaan wadnaha gawaarida korontada; summada, agabka, awoodda, waxqabadka badbaadada, iwm ee baytariyada gaadhiga korantada ayaa noqday "cabbir" iyo "beeg-beegyada" muhiimka ah ee lagu cabbiro gaadhi koronto ah. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, qiimaha baytariga ee baabuurta korantada guud ahaan waa 30% -40% baabuurka oo dhan, kaas oo la odhan karo waa qalab muhiim ah!
Waqtigan xaadirka ah, baytariyada tamarta caadiga ah ee loo isticmaalo baabuurta korontada ku shaqeysa ee suuqa ku jirta ayaa guud ahaan loo qaybiyaa laba nooc: baytariyada lithium-ka ternary iyo baytariyada phosphate iron lithium. Marka xigta, aan si kooban u falanqeeyo kala duwanaanshaha iyo faa'iidooyinka iyo khasaaraha labada baytari:
1. Qalab kala duwan:
Sababta loogu yeero "lithium ternary" iyo "lithium iron fosfate" inta badan waxaa loola jeedaa walxaha kiimikaad ee "qalabka elektaroonigga ah" ee batteriga awoodda;
"Ternary lithium":
Maaddada cathode waxay isticmaashaa lithium nickel cobalt manganate (Li(NiCoMn)O2) walxaha ternary cathode ee baytariyada lithium. Qalabkani wuxuu isku daraa faa'iidooyinka lithium cobalt oxide, lithium nickel oxide iyo lithium manganate, samaynta nidaamka eutectic saddex-waji ah ee saddexda shey. Sababtoo ah saameynta isku-dhafka ternary, waxqabadkeeda dhamaystiran ayaa ka fiican mid kasta oo isku dhafan.
"Lithium iron phosphate":
Waxaa loola jeedaa baytariyada lithium-ion iyadoo la isticmaalayo lithium iron fosfateed sida walxaha cathode. Sifooyinkeeda ayaa ah in aysan ku jirin walxo bir ah oo qaali ah sida cobalt, qiimaha alaabta ceeriin waa yar yahay, kheyraadka fosfooraska iyo birta ayaa ku badan dhulka, sidaas darteed ma jiri doonto dhibaato sahayda.
soo koobid
Alaabta ternary lithium waa gabaabsi waxayna kor u kacayaan horumarka degdega ah ee baabuurta korontada. Qiimahoodu aad ayuu u sarreeyaa waxaana si aad ah u xaddiday alaabta ceeriin ee korka ah. Tani waa sifada ternary lithium hadda;
Fosfooraska birta ee lithium, sababtoo ah waxay isticmaashaa saamiga hoose ee biraha qaaliga ah iyo birta inta badan waa raqiis ah oo aad u badan, way ka raqiisan tahay baytariyada lithium-ka ternary waana wax yar oo ay saameeyaan alaabta ceeriin ee korka ah. Tani waa sifadeeda.
2. Cufnaanta tamarta kala duwan:
"Batari ternary lithium": Sababtoo ah isticmaalka walxo bir ah oo firfircoon, cufnaanta tamarta ee baytariyada lithium ternary waa guud ahaan (140wh / kg ~ 160 wh / kg), taas oo ka hooseysa tan baytariyada ternary ee leh saamiga nikkel sare ( 160 w/kg～180 W / kg); cufnaanta tamarta qaarkood waxay gaari kartaa 180Wh-240Wh/kg.
"Lithium iron fosfate": cufnaanta tamarta guud ahaan waa 90-110 W/kg; Qaar ka mid ah baytariyada fosfooraska birta lithium ee cusub, sida baytariyada daabka, waxay leeyihiin cufnaanta tamarta ilaa 120W/kg-140W/kg.
soo koobid
Faa'iidada ugu weyn ee "batari ternary lithium" ka badan "lithium iron phosphate" waa cufnaanta tamarta sare iyo xawaaraha ku dallacaadda.
3. La qabsiga heerkulka kala duwan:
Iska caabin heerkul hoose ah:
Batari ternary lithium: baytariga ternary lithium wuxuu leeyahay wax qabad heerkul hoose oo aad u wanaagsan wuxuuna ilaalin karaa qiyaastii 70% ~ 80% awoodda batteriga caadiga ah -20°C.
Lithium iron phosphate: Aan u adkaysan karin heerkulka hoose: Marka heerkulku ka hooseeyo -10°C,
baytariyada fosfatka ee birta lithium si degdeg ah ayey u qudhunayaan. Baytariyada fosfooraska birta ee lithium waxay ilaalin karaan oo keliya 50% ilaa 60% awoodda batteriga caadiga ah -20°C.
soo koobid
Waxaa jira farqi weyn oo u dhexeeya la qabsiga heerkulka "ternary lithium baturi" iyo "lithium iron phosphate"; "lithium iron fosfooraska" waxay aad ugu adkaysataa heerkulka sare; iyo heerkulka-hooseeya ee u adkaysta "batari ternary lithium" ayaa leh nolosha batari ka wanaagsan meelaha waqooyiga ama jiilaalka.
4. Nolosha kala duwan:
Haddii awoodda hadhay/awoodda bilowga ah = 80% loo isticmaalo barta dhamaadka tijaabada, tijaabi:
Baakadaha fosfatka ee birta lithium waxay leeyihiin nolol wareeg ah oo ka dheer baytariyada asiidhka-lead iyo baytariyada ternary lithium. "Nolosha ugu dheer" ee baytariyada acid-ashitada leh ee baabuurkeena ku rakiban waa qiyaastii 300 oo jeer; baytariga ternary lithium aragti ahaan wuxuu socon karaa ilaa 2,000 jeer, laakiin isticmaalka dhabta ah, awoodda ayaa qudhmi doonta ilaa 60% ka dib qiyaastii 1,000 jeer; iyo nolosha dhabta ah ee baytariyada birta ee lithium birta waa 2000 jeer, weli waxaa jira 95% awoodda wakhtigan, iyo nolosheeda wareegga fikradeed waxay gaartaa in ka badan 3000 jeer.
soo koobid
Baytariyada quwadda ayaa ah meesha ugu sarreysa tignoolajiyada ee baytariyada. Labada nooc ee baytariyada lithium waa kuwo aad u adkeyd. Aragti ahaan, cimriga baytari lithium ternary waa 2,000 oo kharash iyo wareegyo dareere ah. Xitaa haddii aan ku dallaco hal mar maalintii, waxay socon kartaa in ka badan 5 sano.
5. Qiimuhu waa kala duwan yahay:
Maadaama baytariyada fosfateed ee birta lithium aysan ku jirin walxo bir ah oo qaali ah, qiimaha alaabta ceyriinka ah ayaa aad hoos ugu dhigi kara. Baytariyada ternary lithium waxay isticmaalaan manganate lithium nickel cobalt sida maaddada elektrodegga ah ee togan iyo graphite sida walxaha korantada taban, markaa kharashku aad ayuu uga qaalisan yahay baytariyada fosfateed birta lithium.
Baytariga ternary lithium inta badan wuxuu isticmaalaa walxaha ternary cathode ee "lithium nickel cobalt manganate" ama "lithium nickel cobalt aluminate" sida korantada togan, inta badan iyadoo la isticmaalayo cusbada nikkel, cusbada kobalt, iyo cusbada manganese sida alaabta ceeriin. The "cobalt element" ee labadan maaddooyinka cathode waa bir qaali ah. Sida laga soo xigtay xogta laga helay mareegaha khuseeya, qiimaha tixraaca gudaha ee birta cobalt waa 413,000 yuan / ton, iyo hoos u dhigista alaabta, qiimuhu wuxuu sii wadaa inuu kordho. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, qiimaha baytariyada ternary lithium waa 0.85-1 yuan/wh, waxayna hadda kor u kacaysaa baahida suuqa; Qiimaha baytariyada fosfooraska birta ee lithium ee aan ku jirin walxo bir ah oo qaali ah waa kaliya 0.58-0.6 yuan/wh.
soo koobid
Maaddaama "fosfateed birta lithium" aysan ku jirin biraha qaaliga ah sida cobalt, qiimihiisu waa 0.5-0.7 jeer oo kaliya batariyada lithium-ka ternary; Qiimaha jaban ayaa ah faa'iidada ugu weyn ee fosfatetada birta lithium.
Soo koob
Sababta baabuurta korontadu ay u kobceen sanadihii ugu dambeeyay oo ay matalaan jihada mustaqbalka ee horumarinta baabuurta, siinaya macaamiisha khibrad sii kordheysa oo ka sii wanaagsan, inta badan waxaa sabab u ah horumarinta joogtada ah ee tignoolajiyada batteriga korontada.
Waqtiga boostada: Oct-28-2023
