Baytariga korontada waxaa loogu yeeraa wadnaha gaariga korontada ku shaqeeya; nooca, agabka, awoodda, waxqabadka badbaadada, iwm. ee baytariga gaariga korontada ku shaqeeya ayaa noqday "cabbirro" iyo "xariiro" muhiim ah oo lagu cabbiro gaariga korontada ku shaqeeya. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, qiimaha baytariga ee gaariga korontada ku shaqeeya guud ahaan waa 30%-40% gaariga oo dhan, taas oo la dhihi karo waa qalab muhiim ah!
Waqtigan xaadirka ah, baytariyada korontada ee caadiga ah ee loo isticmaalo baabuurta korontada ku shaqeeya ee suuqa yaalla guud ahaan waxay u qaybsan yihiin laba nooc: baytariyada lithium-ka ee ternary iyo baytariyada fosfate-ka ee lithium-ka. Marka xigta, aan si kooban u falanqeeyo farqiga iyo faa'iidooyinka iyo khasaarooyinka labada baytariyo:
1. Agab kala duwan:
Sababta loogu yeero "lithium ternary" iyo "lithium iron phosphate" waxay inta badan tilmaamaysaa walxaha kiimikada ee "walxaha elektroodka togan" ee batteriga korontada;
"Litium-ka Ternary":
Maaddada katooliga waxay isticmaashaa walxaha katooliga ee lithium nickel cobalt manganate (Li(NiCoMn)O2) ee baytariyada lithium. Maaddadani waxay isku daraysaa faa'iidooyinka katooliga lithium cobalt oxide, katooliga lithium nickel oxide iyo katooliga lithium manganate, taasoo sameysa nidaam saddex-waji ah oo ka kooban saddexda walxood. Sababtoo ah saameynta isku-dhafka ah ee ternary, waxqabadkeeda dhammaystiran ayaa ka wanaagsan isku-darka isku-darka ah.
"Fosfate-ka Litium-ka Birta":
Waxay tilmaamaysaa baytariyada lithium-ion oo adeegsanaya lithium iron phosphate oo ah walaxda kathode-ka. Astaamaheeda ayaa ah inaysan ku jirin walxo bir ah oo qaali ah sida cobalt, qiimaha alaabta ceeriinku waa hooseeyaa, kheyraadka fosfooraska iyo birtuna waa ku badan yihiin dhulka, sidaas darteed ma jiri doonto dhibaato sahay ah.
soo koobid
Agabka lithium-ka Ternary waa yar yihiin waxayna kor u kacayaan iyadoo si degdeg ah loo horumarinayo gawaarida korontada ku shaqeeya. Qiimahoodu waa sarreeyaa waxaana aad u xaddidaya agabka ceeriin ee kor u kaca. Tani waa astaan u ah lithium-ka Ternary hadda;
Fosfate-ka birta Lithium, sababtoo ah wuxuu isticmaalaa saamiga hoose ee biraha naadirka ah/qaaliga ah, waana bir raqiis ah oo badan, waana ka raqiisan yahay baytariyada lithium-ka ee ternary-ga ah, saameyn yarna kuma yeesho walxaha ceeriin ee kor ku xusan. Tani waa astaamaheeda.
2. Cufnaanta tamarta ee kala duwan:
"Batari lithium Ternary": Iyada oo ay ugu wacan tahay isticmaalka curiyayaasha birta firfircoon, cufnaanta tamarta ee baytariyada lithium Ternary ee caadiga ah guud ahaan waa (140wh/kg~160wh/kg), taas oo ka hooseysa baytariyada Ternary ee leh saamiga nickel sare (160wh/kg)～180 wh/kg); cufnaanta tamarta miisaanka qaarkood waxay gaari kartaa 180Wh-240Wh/kg.
"Fosfate-ka birta Lithium": Cufnaanta tamartu guud ahaan waa 90-110 W/kg; qaar ka mid ah baytariyada birta Lithium ee phosphate-ka cusub, sida baytariyada daabyada, waxay leeyihiin cufnaan tamar oo gaareysa 120W/kg-140W/kg.
soo koobid
Faa'iidada ugu weyn ee "baytariga lithium-ka ee ternary" marka loo eego "fosfate-ka lithium-ka" waa cufnaanta tamarta sare iyo xawaaraha dallacaadda degdegga ah.
3. La qabsiga heerkulka kala duwan:
Iska caabinta heerkulka hooseeya:
Baytariga Lithium-ka Ternary: Baytariga Lithium-ka Ternary wuxuu leeyahay waxqabad heer-kul hoose oo heer sare ah wuxuuna ilaalin karaa qiyaastii 70% ~ 80% awoodda batteriga caadiga ah -20°C.
Fosfate-ka birta Lithium: Aan u adkaysan heerkulka hooseeya: Marka heerkulku ka hooseeyo -10°C,
Baytariyada fosfate-ka birta lithium aad bay u burburaan. Baytariyada fosfate-ka birta lithium waxay ilaalin karaan oo keliya qiyaastii 50% ilaa 60% awoodda batteriga caadiga ah -20°C.
soo koobid
Waxaa jira farqi weyn oo ku saabsan la qabsiga heerkulka u dhexeeya "batariga lithium-ka ee ternary" iyo "phosphate lithium-ka ee litium-ka"; "phosphate lithium-ka ee ternary" wuxuu u adkaystaa heerkulka sare; batteriga lithium-ka ee ternary-ka ee heerkulka hooseeyana wuxuu leeyahay cimri batteriga oo ka wanaagsan meelaha waqooyiga ama jiilaalka.
4. Cimri kala duwan:
Haddii awoodda/awoodda bilowga ah ee soo hartay = 80% loo isticmaalo barta ugu dambeysa ee tijaabada, tijaabi:
Baakadaha baytariyada fosfate ee birta Lithium waxay leeyihiin cimri wareeg oo ka dheer baytariyada aashitada rasaasta iyo baytariyada lithium-ka saddex-geesoodka ah. "Cimriga ugu dheer" baytariyada aashitada rasaasta ee gaariga ku rakiban waa qiyaastii 300 oo jeer oo keliya; baytariga lithium-ka saddex-geesoodka ah aragti ahaan wuxuu socon karaa ilaa 2,000 oo jeer, laakiin isticmaalka dhabta ah, awooddu waxay u burburi doontaa 60% ka dib qiyaastii 1,000 jeer; nolosha dhabta ah ee baytariyada fosfate ee birta Lithium-ka waa 2000 jeer, weli waxaa jira awood 95% waqtigan, cimrigeeda wareegga fikradeedna wuxuu gaaraa in ka badan 3000 oo jeer.
soo koobid
Baytariyada korontada ku shaqeeya ayaa ah kuwa ugu sarreeya tiknoolajiyadda baytariyada. Labada nooc ee baytariyada lithium-ka waa kuwo waara. Aragti ahaan, cimriga baytariga lithium-ka ee saddex-geesoodka ah waa 2,000 wareeg oo dallac iyo daadin ah. Xitaa haddii aan ku dallacno hal mar maalintii, waxay socon kartaa in ka badan 5 sano.
5. Qiimuhu way kala duwan yihiin:
Maadaama baytariyada fosfate-ka birta lithium aysan ku jirin walxo bir ah oo qaali ah, qiimaha alaabta ceeriin ah ayaa si aad ah hoos loogu dhigi karaa. Baytariyada lithium-ka ee Ternary waxay isticmaalaan lithium nickel cobalt manganate sida walxaha elektiroodhka togan iyo graphite sida walxaha elektiroodhka taban, sidaa darteed qiimuhu aad ayuu uga qaalisan yahay baytariyada fosfate-ka birta lithium-ka.
Baytariga lithium-ka ee ternary wuxuu inta badan isticmaalaa walxaha ternary cathode ee "lithium nickel cobalt manganate" ama "lithium nickel cobalt aluminate" sida elektroodka togan, inta badan wuxuu isticmaalaa cusbada nikkel, cusbada kobalt, iyo milixda manganese sida walxaha ceeriin. "Cunsurka kobalt" ee labadan walxood ee kathode waa bir qaali ah. Sida laga soo xigtay xogta laga helay mareegaha khuseeya, qiimaha tixraaca gudaha ee birta kobalt waa 413,000 yuan/ton, iyadoo la dhimayo agabka, qiimuhu wuu sii kordhayaa. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, qiimaha baytariyada lithium-ka ternary waa 0.85-1 yuan/wh, haddana wuu sii kordhayaa iyadoo baahida suuqa la eegayo; qiimaha baytariyada fosfate-ka birta lithium-ka ee aan ku jirin walxaha birta qaaliga ah waa qiyaastii 0.58-0.6 yuan/wh.
soo koobid
Maadaama "fosfate-ka birta lithium" uusan ku jirin biraha qaaliga ah sida cobalt, qiimaheedu waa 0.5-0.7 jeer oo keliya baytariyada lithium-ka ee ternary; qiimaha jaban waa faa'iido weyn oo ka mid ah fosfate-ka birta lithium-ka.
Soo koob
Sababta ay baabuurta korontada ku shaqeeya u kobceen sannadihii u dambeeyay isla markaana ay u matalaan jihada mustaqbalka ee horumarinta baabuurta, taasoo macaamiisha siisa khibrad sii kordheysa oo ka wanaagsan, ayaa inta badan sabab u ah horumarka joogtada ah ee tignoolajiyada baytariyada korontada.
Waqtiga boostada: Oktoobar-28-2023
